Introduction

Philosophy of religion is the scholarly and academic examination of the concepts and theories involved in religious belief. The field very often involves many other branches of philosophy, including metaphysics, epistemology, logic, ethics, aesthetics, and philosophy of science.

The philosophy of religion differs from religious philosophy in that it seeks to discuss questions regarding the nature of religion as a whole, rather than examining the problems brought forth by a particular belief-system. The philosophy of religion differs from theology in that it critically evaluates the logical coherence and truth of fundamental religious concepts (such as God, souls, miracles, revelation, transcendence, ultimate reality, and mystical or religious experiences) independently of a particular religious tradition. The philosophy of religion also differs from religious studies in that its examination of religion is not limited to historical or sociological perspectives. It can be carried out dispassionately by those who identify as believers or non-believers.

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